The Mende have an important women’s association known as the ‘Sande association’ (for a more detailed explanation see cat. no. 50). The present ‘sowei’ helmet mask displays the characteristic, thick neck rings (as a symbol of prosperity and health). The face is typically rhomb shaped. With a serious expression, closed eyes and typical tribal scarification tattoos on both cheeks (three vertical lines on each). To the left and right of the pointed chin are two narrow peep-slits for the dancer. The elaborately carved hairstyle is surmounted by seven high crests. The central main crest displays a continuous hole in the upper section, for the purpose of ‘ventilating’ the narrow helmet. Attached to the lower rim is an all-round hanging of black-dyed plant fibres, which constitutes an original integral part of the mask costume of Mende women. This very old ‘sowei mask’ was originally carved in light-coloured, lightweight wood and dyed black. It displays a convincing, old usage patina, especially on the inside! Minor age-related damage: a small hole in the forehead (glued), a tear to the back of the coiffure. First third of the 20th century; H: 42 cm, DM: 20 cm x 20 cm (lower helm, inside). (ME)

Provenance: Austrian private collection.

Lit.: ‘Die Kunst des schwarzen Afrika’ by Kerchache, Paudrat, Stephan, ill. 347; ‘African Art in American Collections’ by Robbins & Nooter, ill. 263, 266, 269.