The first satellite successfully photographed from space: Agena over the Earth seen from Gemini VIII prior to the first docking in space, 16-17 March 1966

Vintage chromogenic print on fiber-based paper, printed 1966, numbered "NASA S-66-25782" (NASA MSC) in red in top margin, with "A KODAK PAPER" watermark on verso, 20,3 x 25,4 cm

Highlighted by the Sun, the unmanned Agena target vehicle seems to hang motionless as the spacecraft was orbiting over the Pacific Ocean off the west coast of Mexico. An eight-foot L-band radar antenna rises just aft of the docking cone, which is fitted to receive Gemini VIII’s nose.

“This Agena target vehicle was the first unmanned satellite successfully photographed from space. It clearly indicates the detail in which one satellite can be observed from another. The photographs are a particularly good replica of the actual view seen with the eye, with the exception of the brilliance of the white and metallic parts of the Agena, never yet captured on film.”
Neil Armstrong (Cortright, p. 172).

From the mission transcript when the photograph was taken:
005:53:56 Scott: Boy: Look at that sucker!
005:54:06 Scott: That’s beautiful!
005:54:07 Armstrong: See the dipole?
005:54:08 Scott: Do I ever: I’ll say I see everything on that fellow!
005:56:23 Armstrong: Flight Houston, this is Gemini VIII. We’re Station-keeping on the Agena at about 150 feet.
005:56:35 Scott: Yaw left ... That’s good.
005:56:42 Scott: Right. Now I’ll get a better picture.
005:56:47 Scott: Got the Spot Meter over there anywhere handy?
005:56:50 Armstrong: ... It’s supposed to be at the back of the box here.
005:56:57 Scott: Okay. Stay on the Agena. Don’t sweat this one. We’ll be around for a long time yet.

Literature:
TIME, 1 April 1966, p. 90; Apollo Expeditions to the Moon, NASA SP-350, Edgar Cortright, ed., 1975, p. 38.